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1.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 43(3): 185-189, Mar. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251295

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective The objective of the present study was to analyze the reasons that led to hormone therapies (HTs) regimen changes in women with breast cancer. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study from a single-institution Brazilian cancer center with patient records diagnosed with breast cancer between January 2012 and January 2017. Results From 1,555 women who were in treatment with HT, 213 (13.7%) women had HT switched, either tamoxifen to anastrozole or vice-versa. Most women included in the present study who switched HT were > 50 years old, postmenopausal, Caucasian, and had at least one comorbidity. From the group with therapy change, 'disease progression' was reason of change in 124 (58.2%) cases, and in 65 (30.5%) patients, 'presence of side effects' was the reason. From those women who suffered with side effects, 24 (36.9%) had comorbidities. Conclusion The present study demonstrated a low rate of HT switch of tamoxifen to anastrozole. Among the reasons for changing therapy, the most common was disease progression, which includes cancer recurrence, metastasis or increased tumor. Side effects were second; furthermore, age and comorbidities are risk factors for side effects.


Resumo Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os motivos que levaram às mudanças no esquema hormonioterápico (HT) em mulheres com câncer de mama. Métodos Estudo transversal retrospectivo realizado no Hospital da Mulher de Campinas e consequente pesquisa de prontuários de mulheres diagnosticados com câncer de mama entre janeiro de 2012 e janeiro de 2017. Resultados De 1.555 mulheres em tratamento com HT, 213 (13,7%) mulheres tiveram HT alterado, tamoxifeno para anastrozol ou vice-versa. A maioria das mulheres incluídas no presente estudo que tiveram mudança de HT tinha > 50 anos, estava na pós-menopausa, era caucasiana e tinha pelo menos uma comorbidade. Os principais motivos de troca de HT foram devido a 'progressão da doença', ocorrendo em 124 (58,2%) casos e a 'presença de efeitos colaterais' (n = 65; 30,5%). Das mulheres que sofreram efeitos colaterais, 24 (36,9%) apresentaram comorbidades. Conclusão O presente estudo demonstrou uma baixa taxa na alteração de tamoxifeno para anastrozol. Entre as razõesmais comuns para alterar a HT estava a progressão da doença, que inclui recorrência do câncer, metástase ou aumento do tumor. Os efeitos colaterais foram a segunda causa e, além disso, a idade e as comorbidades foram fatores de risco para efeitos colaterais.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy , Patient Participation , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Tamoxifen/adverse effects , Tamoxifen/therapeutic use , Medical Records , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Disease Progression , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/adverse effects , Anastrozole/administration & dosage , Anastrozole/analogs & derivatives , Anastrozole/therapeutic use
3.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 42(11): 726-730, Nov. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144176

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: The objective of the present study is to observe the frequency and severity of urinary symptoms in women with breast cancer (BC) being treated with oral hormone therapy, associating them to drug adherence. Methods: The participants were interviewed once from June to October 2016. The evaluation of urinary symptoms was performed by two questionnaires: International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder Module (ICIQ-OAB). Adherence was evaluated by the Morisky-Green method. Statistical analysis was performed by the Mann-Whitney test, linear regression, and Spearman correlation. Results: Fifty-eight women were interviewed: 42 treated with tamoxifen and 16 with aromatase inhibitor. Twenty-seven women (46.5%) presented urinary incontinence symptoms and 15 (25.8%) presented stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Fourteen (24.1%) women had symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB). There was no statistical difference in symptoms between both treatments and duration of treatments. Higher scores in the ICIQ-SF questionnaire were associated with low/medium adherence and advanced age. Higher scores in the ICIQ-OAB questionnaire were associated with low/medium adherence. Conclusion: The present study showed a high prevalence of urinary symptoms, such as urinary incontinence and OAB, associated with low/medium adherence and older age in women with BC being treated with oral hormone therapy. Health professionals should be alert to these symptoms since it could influence life quality and adherence to treatment.


Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi observar a frequência e a gravidade dos sintomas urinários em mulheres com câncer de mama em uso de terapia hormonal oral, associando estes com a adesão ao tratamento. Métodos: As pacientes foram entrevistadas uma única vez, entre junho e outubro de 2016. A avaliação dos sintomas urinários foi realizada por dois questionários: International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF, na sigla em inglês) e o Questionário Sobre Bexiga Hiperativa (ICIQ-OAB, na sigla em inglês). A adesão foi avaliada pelo método Morisky-Green. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste de Mann-Whitney, regressão linear e correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Foram entrevistadas 58 mulheres: 42 tratadas com tamoxifeno e 16 com inibidor de aromatase. Vinte e sete mulheres (46,5%) apresentaram sintomas de incontinência urinária (IU) e 15 (25,8%) apresentaram incontinência urinária por estresse (IUS). Quatorze (24,1%) das mulheres tinham sintomas de bexiga hiperativa. Não houve diferença estatística nos sintomas entre os tratamentos e a duração dos tratamentos. Os escores mais elevados no questionário ICIQ-SF estiveram associados à baixa/média adesão e à idade avançada. Os escores mais elevados no questionário da ICIQ-OAB foram associados à baixa/média adesão. Conclusão: O presente estudo mostrou alta prevalência de sintomas urinários, como IU e bexiga hiperativa, associadas à baixa/média adesão e à idade mais avançada em mulheres com câncer de mama em tratamento com hormonioterapia oral. Os profissionais de saúde devem estar atentos a esses sintomas, pois eles podem influenciar a qualidade de vida e a adesão ao tratamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Urinary Incontinence/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Urinary Bladder, Overactive/epidemiology , Medication Adherence , Portugal/epidemiology , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Tamoxifen/adverse effects , Urinary Incontinence/chemically induced , Cross-Sectional Studies , Interviews as Topic , Administration, Oral , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/adverse effects , Aromatase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Aromatase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Urinary Bladder, Overactive/chemically induced , Anastrozole/administration & dosage , Anastrozole/adverse effects , Middle Aged
4.
Hist. ciênc. saúde-Manguinhos ; 21(4): 1179-1196, Oct-Dec/2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-732513

ABSTRACT

O artigo analisa o livro Boys in white: student culture in medical school, de Howard S. Becker, Blanche Geer, Everett C. Hughes e Anselm Strauss, considerado um dos modelos de pesquisa qualitativa em sociologia. A análise aborda as trajetórias dos autores, do livro, da pesquisa qualitativa e dos estudantes de medicina, enfatizando sua importância nas origens da sociologia médica e da sociologia da educação médica. Na trajetória dos autores são apresentados aspectos biobibliográficos; na da pesquisa qualitativa, o modo como essa metodologia de investigação atravessa a construção do trabalho de campo; e na dos estudantes, sua forma de atravessar os primeiros anos da escola médica e construir sua própria “cultura do estudante”.


This article analyzes Boys in white: student culture in medical schoolby Howard S. Becker, Blanche Geer, Everett C. Hughes and Anselm Strauss, considered a model of qualitative research in sociology. The analysis investigates the trajectories of the authors, the book, qualitative analysis, and the medical students, emphasizing their importance in the origins of medical sociology and the sociology of medical education. In the trajectory of the authors, bibliographical information is given. The trajectory of qualitative research focuses on how this methodology influences the construction of the field. The investigation of the students’ trajectory shows how they progress through their first years at medical school to build their own student culture.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Apoptosis/drug effects , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Estrogens , Estrogen Antagonists/pharmacology , Growth Inhibitors/pharmacology , Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/drug therapy , Phenylacetates/pharmacology , /biosynthesis , Tamoxifen/pharmacology , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Division/drug effects , Drug Synergism , Genes, ras , Mice, Nude , Neoplasm Transplantation , Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/pathology , /physiology , Phenylacetates/administration & dosage , /genetics , Transfection , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
5.
Salud pública Méx ; 56(4): 323-332, jul.-ago. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-733311

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Estimar la seroprevalencia de VIH en población mexicana no institucionalizada de 15 a 49 años, y aspectos selectos del perfil de la población serorreactiva. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal con una muestra probabilística de la población del país de 15 a 49 años, con información sobre comportamientos obtenida por entrevista directa en los hogares y determinación de anticuerpos para VIH en sangre capilar. Resultados. Se identificó una seroprevalencia de 0.15% (IC95% 0.09-0.21) en la población de 15 a 49 años; de 0.07% (IC95% 0.03-0.11) en mujeres, y de 0.24% (IC95% 0.11-0.36) en hombres. La población serorreactiva a VIH son hombres jóvenes, de mayor nivel socioeconómico en relación con la población general y con información que sugiere una mayor cobertura por la seguridad social (49.9% en serorreactivos contra 34.5% en no serorreactivos). El 49.4% de los serorreactivos contra 18.5% de los no serorreactivos se había realizado al menos una prueba de detección de VIH. Conclusiones. La seroprevalencia de VIH estimada en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2012 sugiere que ésta se ha mantenido relativamente estable desde 2000. La estimación representa alrededor de 104000 personas (rango de entre 53000 y 126000) de 15 a 49 años que viven con VIH en México (75% de los cuales son hombres), de los que 50.6% desconocería su estatus serológico. Implementando un modelo de corrección de sesgo y agregando a los estimados en hogar, los casos estimados entre población de hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (tanto homosexual como bisexual), la estimación de la seroprevalencia alcanzaría 0.23%, con un total de 140000 personas de 15 a 49 años viviendo con VIH (con un intervalo estimado de entre 92000 y 201000 personas).


Objective. To estimate the HIV seroprevalence among Mexicans aged 15 to 49 years old and living in households, and to describe the profile of serorreactive individuals. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study with a national probabilistic sample of individuals aged 15 to 49 years with behavioral data from direct interview (face-to-face) at households and HIV screening using capillary blood collected from the same individuals. Results. A seroprevalence of 0.15% (95%CI 0.09-0.21) was estimated for Mexicans aged 15 to 49; seroprevalence among women was 0.07% (95%CI 0.03-0.11) and 0.24% (95%CI 0.11-0.36) for men. HIV serorreactive population is composed of younger men, with a higher socioeconomic level compared to the general population, and with a higher insurance coverage-social protection on health in general and social security in particular. Only 50% of the serorreactive individuals may be aware of their status as living with HIV. Conclusions. The estimated HIV seroprevalence in the NHNS 2012 suggests a stable pattern since 2000. The estimated prevalence among individuals 15 to 49 years was adjusted both for selection bias correction and to include MSM estimations (under the assumption that MSM is a population hard to reach in a household survey), resulting in a total seroprevalence of 0.23% and an estimated number of people with HIV of 140000.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy , Liver Neoplasms/secondary , Bone Neoplasms/secondary , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Floxuridine/administration & dosage , Hepatic Artery , Infusion Pumps, Implantable , Infusions, Intra-Arterial , Liver Neoplasms/mortality , Lymphatic Metastasis , Mitomycin/administration & dosage , Survival Rate , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage
6.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 48(spe): 32-38, 08/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-731293

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze pelvic floor muscle strength (PFMS), urinary continence and quality of life related to urinary incontinence (UI) of women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Method Cross-sectional study with a sample of 500 women who started prenatal care in a complementary healthcare facility in Guarulhos, state of São Paulo, from 2012 and 2013. Pelvic floor muscle strength was evaluated through perineometry. The pregnant women who presented UI answered the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Results It was found that maternal age (OR=1.06; CI95% 1.02-1.11) and prior UI (OR=15.12; 95%CI 8.19-27.92) are the variables that, in tandem, best explain the occurrence of UI at the beginning of pregnancy. The mean score on the ICIQ-SF was 8.2 (SD=3.9), considered a moderate impact on quality of life. Conclusion Older pregnant women with prior UI are more likely to have UI in the first trimester of pregnancy.
 .


Objetivo Analizar la fuerza de los músculos del suelo pélvico (FMSP), la continencia urinaria y la calidad de vida en mujeres en el primer trimestre del embarazo. Método Estudio transversal cuyo muestra incluyó 500 mujeres que comenzaron la atención prenatal en un servicio del sector de salud complementaria en Guarulhos, SP, en 2012-2013. La FMSP fue evaluada por la perineometría y las mujeres embarazadas con incontinencia urinaria (IU) respondieron al International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Resultados Muestran que edad materna (OR=1,06 IC95% 1,02-1,11) y IU previa (OR=15,12; IC95% 8,19-27,92) son las variables que, en conjunto, mejor explican la ocurrencia de IU al inicio del embarazo. La media del escore ICIQ-SF fue 8,2 (d.p.=3,9), considerado como de impacto moderado en la calidad de vida. Conclusión Las embarazadas con más edad y con IU previa tienen chance mayor de presentar IU en el primer trimestre del embarazo. .


Objetivo Analisar a força dos músculos do assoalho pélvico (FMAP), a continência urinária e a qualidade de vida associada à incontinência urinária (IU) em mulheres no primeiro trimestre da gestação. Método Estudo transversal cuja amostra incluiu 500 gestantes que iniciaram o pré-natal em um serviço do setor de saúde suplementar, em Guarulhos, SP, em 2012-2013. A FMAP foi avaliada por meio da perineometria e as gestantes com IU responderam o International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Resultados A idade materna (OR=1,06 IC95% 1,02-1,11) e IU prévia (OR=15,12; IC95% 8,19-27,92) são as variáveis que, em conjunto, melhor explicam a ocorrência de IU no início da gestação. A média do escore do ICQ-SF foi 8,2 (d.p.=3,9), considerado como de impacto moderado na qualidade de vida. Conclusão As gestantes com mais idade e com IU prévia têm maior chance de apresentar IU no primeiro trimestre da gravidez.
 .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Mastectomy, Segmental , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Drug Administration Schedule , Floxuridine/administration & dosage , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage
7.
West Indian med. j ; 62(7): 651-653, Sept. 2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1045720

ABSTRACT

Although breast cancer is, unfortunately, not uncommon in women, a mere 0.04% of malignant breast tumours are primary angiosarcomas. Chemotherapy is advocated for treatment of breast angiosarcomas; however, no guidelines exist regarding optimal chemotherapeutics or protocols. Presently, the prognosis for breast angiosarcomas is poor. This case report describes a 24-year old woman diagnosed with primary breast angiosarcoma. She initially refused to receive treatment, but later returned to the hospital four years later with a haemopneumothorax. She was treated with rescue chemotherapy using a combination of high-dose tamoxifen plus ifosfamide and epirubicin (an anthracycline). She achieved a partial response, but died 16 months after therapy was initiated. More research is needed to devise novel chemotherapeutics and protocols to improve outcomes in women diagnosed with primary angiosarcomas ofthe breast.


Aunque el cáncer de mama, desafortunadamente, no es poco común en las mujeres, apenas 0.04% de los tumores malignos de mama son angiosarcomas primarios. La quimioterapia es el tratamiento de preferencia en los casos de angiosarcomas de mama. Sin embargo, no existen guías en relación con los protocolos o la quimioterapia óptima. En la actualidad, el pronóstico para los angiosarcomas de mama es pobre. Este informe del caso describe a una mujer de 24 años diagnosticada con angiosarcoma primario de mama. Inicialmente la paciente se negó a recibir tratamiento, pero volvió al hospital cuatro años más tarde con un hemoneumotórax. Fue tratada entonces con quimioterapia de rescate usando una combinación de alta dosis de tamoxifen con ifosfamida y epirrubicina (antraciclina). Llegó a responder parcialmente al tratamiento, pero falleció 16 meses después del inicio de la terapia. Se necesitan más investigaciones para elaborar nuevos quimioterápeuticos y protocolos que mejoren los resultados en los casos de mujeres diagnosticadas con angiosarcomas primarios de mama.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Hemangiosarcoma/drug therapy , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Fatal Outcome , Anthracyclines/administration & dosage , Ifosfamide/administration & dosage
8.
Femina ; 39(9)set. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-641391

ABSTRACT

Os moduladores seletivos do receptor de estrogênio são moléculas que se ligam ao receptor estrogênico com ações agonistas e antagonistas, em tecidos específicos. Eles apresentam efeitos estrogênicos e antiestrogênicos em vários órgãos, o que lhes permite diferentes atuações clínicas específicas. As diferenças nas estruturas moleculares conferem propriedades diferentes de ligação ao receptor-alvo, resultando em diferenças nos efeitos terapêuticos e adversos. Desde a descoberta dos primeiros compostos, há 50 anos, vários outros têm sido estudados e são usados frequentemente por ginecologistas, oncologistas e mastologistas. O raloxifeno é aprovado para a prevenção e o tratamento de osteoporose na pós-menopausa e para o câncer de mama receptor de estrogênio positivo; o tamoxifeno, para prevenção e tratamento do câncer de mama receptor de estrogênio positivo na pós-menopausa; e o clomifeno, primeiro modulador seletivo com receptor de estrogênio a ser estudado e empregado clinicamente, para infertilidade. Outras moléculas como bazedoxifeno, lasofoxifeno e arzoxifeno vêm sendo estudadas e vêm se mostrando como alternativas eficazes, algumas com menos efeitos colaterais


Selective estrogen receptor modulators are molecules that bind to estrogen receptor with agonistic and antagonistic actions in specific tissues. They exert estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects in several organs, allowing them to perform differently in specific clinical situations. The differences in molecular structures provide different binding properties to the target receptor, resulting in differences in therapeutic and adverse effects. Since the discovery of the first compounds 50 years ago, several others have been studied and are often used by gynecologists and oncologists, and mastologists. Raloxifene is approved for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and for treating estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer; tamoxifen is used for preventing and treating estrogen receptor-positive postmenopausal breast cancer; and clomiphene, the first selective estrogen receptor modulator to be studied and clinically employed, is used for infertility treatment. Other molecules such as bazedoxifene, lasofoxifene and arzoxifene have been studied and shown to be effective alternatives, some with fewer side effects


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Clomiphene/administration & dosage , Bone Density Conservation Agents/therapeutic use , Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/agonists , Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/therapeutic use , Receptors, Estrogen , Raloxifene Hydrochloride/administration & dosage , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Infertility/prevention & control , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Osteoporosis/prevention & control
9.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 21(1): 3-8, jan.-mar. 2011.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-655554

ABSTRACT

Apesar de apresentarem receptores estrogênicos nas células tumorais, algumas pacientes com câncer de mama não se beneficiam do tratamento com tamoxifeno, medicamento conhecido por interferir no ciclo celular e promover apoptose. Sabendo-se que as proteínas BCL-2 e BAx estão diretamente relacionadas a este processo, é importante compreender quais os caminhos que levam à morte celular que sofrem interferência do tamoxifeno. Amostras pareadas de câncer de mama foram obtidas antes e após tratamento de pacientes previamente, assim randomizadas: grupo controle e grupo de tratamento com tamoxifeno. O grupo de tratamento recebeu tamoxifeno (20 mg/dia) por 14 dias. A identificação imunoistoquímica da expressão de BAX e BCL-2 foi analizada de forma semiquantitativa, considerando o número de células coradas e a intensidade da coloração. Os escores de cada reação foram comparados pré e pós-tratamento, e também em relação ao grupo controle. Das 25 pacientes estudadas, considerando nenhuma exposição ao medicamento, foram encontradas 36 (9/25) e 72% (18/25) de casos positivos para BCL-2 e Bax, respectivamente. Este estudo não encontrou mudanças significativas sobre a expressão das proteínas BCL-2 e BAX, após 14 dias de tratamento com tamoxifeno (p>0,05), comparado ao grupo controle. A expressão das proteínas BCL-2 e BAX também não sofreu mudanças significativas após 14 dias de exposição ao tamoxifeno. Este é um dos poucos trabalhos prospectivos randomizados de estudo in vivo dos efeitos do tamoxifeno na apoptose.


Despite the presence of estrogen receptor in breast cancer cells, some patients do not show benefits on their treatmentwith tamoxifen, which is a medication that interferes on cell cycle promoting apoptosis. Since BCL-2 and BAX proteins are directly linked to this process, it is important to understand which pathways for cell death are related to and interfered by tamoxifen. Paired samples of breast cancer tumors, which were previously obtained before and after tamoxifen therapy were randomly divided in the Control and Treated Patients Groups. The Treated Group received tamoxifen for 14 days (20 mg/day). The immunohistochemical identification of BAX and BCL-2 expression was analyzed in a semi-quantitative scale consideraing the number of positive cells and intensity of staining. The scores of each reaction were compared pre and post-treatment and to the Control Group. Over the 25 patients studied, considering no exposure to the drug, there were 36 (9/25) and 72% (18/25) of positive cases for BCL-2 and BAX, respectively. This study showed no significant changes over BCL-2 and BAX proteins expressions after 14 days of tretament with tamoxifen (p>0,05) compared to the control patients. Expression of BCL-2 and BAX proteins did not suffer statistically significant changes after a 14-day exposure to tamoxifen. This is one of a few prospective randomized double-blind studies about in vivo effects of tamoxifen in apoptosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Immunohistochemistry , Apoptosis , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , /biosynthesis , /biosynthesis , /analysis , /analysis , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage
11.
Rev. venez. oncol ; 21(3): 165-167, jul.-sept. 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-549453

ABSTRACT

El cáncer de mama en el hombre ha sido considerado durante mucho tiempo como una curiosidad médica, siendo la presentación clínica, la patología y la historia natural similares a la mujer, no siendo así el pronóstico. En el presente trabajo se analiza el comportamiento clínico-histológico de ocho hombres con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama en el Hospital Oncológico "Padre Machado" atendidos entre 1995 y 2006. El 75 por ciento de los pacientes se diagnósticó en estadio II y III. Un paciente en estadio IIIb tenia 23 años y está libre de enfermedad. El 66 por ciento de los pacientes presentaron receptores de estrógenos positivos. Se discuten los resultados y se revisa la literatura.


The cancer of breast in the man has been considered during long time like a medical curiosity, being the clinical presentation, the pathology and natural history similar to the woman, not being therefore the prognosis. In the present work the clinical-histological behavior of eight men with diagnosis of cancer of breast in the Hospital Oncologico “Padre Machado” is analyzed, taken care of between 1995 and 2006. 75 % of the patient’s diagnoses were in stage II and III. A patient in IIIb stage with 23 years old and he is free one of disease. 66 % of the patients presented positive estrogens receivers. The results are discussed and literature is reviewed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods , Mastectomy, Simple/methods , Breast Neoplasms, Male/surgery , Breast Neoplasms, Male/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms, Male/radiotherapy , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Medical Oncology
12.
Gac. méd. Caracas ; 116(2): 152-160, jun. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-630534

ABSTRACT

La parapsicología se refiere al estudio de ciertos tipos de fenómenos paranormales. Paranormal conciernea una experiencia que no parece ser explicable en términos del conocimiento científico o de nuestra comprensión de hechos cotidianos. La realidad científica del fenómeno parapsicológico y la validez científica de sus investigaciones, a menudo son áreas de frecuente disputa y crítica. Hasta ahora la psicología formal la caracteriza como una pseudociencia. La palinopsia es un raro síntoma caracterizado por el fenómeno ilusorio de perseveración y/o recurrencia de imágenes visuales luego de haber sido removido el estímulo excitatorio. Es una distorsión del procesamiento de imágenes en el sistema visual causado por lesiones unilaterales o bilaterales de variado origen que afectan las áreas posteriores de los hemisferios cerebrales, toxicidad o efectos colaterales de drogas terapéuticas, una extensa lista de condiciones misceláneas y aún en sujetos normales. A despecho de su rareza, existe abundante literatura al respecto posiblemente por su carácter intrigante o por su naturaleza pseudo-parapsicológica. Los autores presentan los casos de 6 pacientes, dos de los cuales estaban recibiendo tamoxifeno, una droga hasta el presente no reconocida como causa de este fenómeno


Parapsychology is the scientific study of certain types of paranormal phenomena. The “paranormal” (beside or beyond the normal) refers to unusual experiences that do not seem to be explainable in terms of our everyday understanding or known scientific principles. The scientificreality of parapsychological phenomena and the validity of scientific parapsychological research is amatter of frequent dispute and criticism. The field is regarded by some critics as a pseudoscience. Palinopsia is a rare symptom characterized by the illusory phenomenon of perseverance or recurrence of visual images after removal of the exciting stimulus. It is a distortion of the processing in the visual system caused by unilateral o bilateral lesions of various kinds, such as toxicity or side effects of drugs, as well as an array of miscellaneous conditions, that affect posterior areas of the cerebral hemispheres in normal subjects. Despite its rarity, there is abundance of literature on the subject, possibly because of the intriguing, quasiparapsychologic nature of the symptom. Six patients were identified with the diagnosis of palinopsia o poliopsia of whom two were taking the drug tamoxifen not previously described in the literature


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Meningioma/pathology , Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Imagery, Psychotherapy , Papilledema/etiology , Tamoxifen/pharmacology , Visual Fields
13.
ACM arq. catarin. med ; 37(1): 76-79, jan.-mar.2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-490947

ABSTRACT

Gigantomastia é uma anomalia que causacomplicações sérias e nem todas as macromastias são sintomáticas. Dessa forma, uma avaliação apropriadada paciente, bem como um atendimento multidisciplinar faz-se necessário.A intervenção cirúrgica é conseqüentemente o método de escolha nesta patologia, sendo uma excelenteterapêutica na gigantomastia. O tamoxifeno pode ser um adjuvante útil e pode permitir resultados estáveis quandocombinado com a mamoplastia redutora .


Gigantomastia is a pathology that can cause serious complications but at some cases there are no symptoms. An adequate evaluation of the patient and a multidisciplinary attendance is necessary. The surgery intervention is the method of choice in this pathology, being an excellent therapeutic. TheTamoxifeno can be a good adjuvant producing stable results when combined with the cosmetic surgery .


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Female , Fibroadenoma/diagnosis , Fibroadenoma/physiopathology , Fibroadenoma/pathology , Fibroadenoma/therapy , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Tamoxifen/pharmacokinetics , Tamoxifen/therapeutic use , General Surgery , Breast/abnormalities , Breast/pathology
14.
Radiol. bras ; 40(6): 365-369, nov.-dez. 2007. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-471994

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações endometriais por meio da ultra-sonografia transvaginal e correlacioná-las com os achados da histeroscopia e histologia, em pacientes submetidas a tratamento com tamoxifeno. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: No período de janeiro de 2003 a dezembro de 2005, foram incluídas pacientes com câncer de mama usuárias de tamoxifeno que apresentaram espessamento endometrial acima de 5 mm. Os achados foram correlacionados com os dados de histeroscopia e anatomopatologia. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionadas 25 pacientes com idade média de 62,6 anos. O tempo médio do diagnóstico do câncer foi de 4,3 anos e do uso de tamoxifeno, três anos. Vinte pacientes eram assintomáticas (80 por cento) e as demais apresentaram sangramento (20 por cento). À ultra-sonografia, 16 por cento apresentaram espessamento endometrial entre 5 mm e 8 mm, 40 por cento entre 9 mm e 15 mm, e 44 por cento acima de 15 mm. Ao estudo com a histeroscopia, 40 por cento apresentaram atrofia, 16 por cento atrofia cística, 28 por cento pólipos, e 16 por cento lesão hiperplásica. O estudo anatomopatológico apresentou-se normal em 35,2 por cento dos casos e mostrou atrofia em 5,8 por cento, pólipo em 29,4 por cento e hiperplasia em 11,7 por cento. Foi observado um caso de adenocarcinoma (5,8 por cento). CONCLUSÃO: A ultra-sonografia associada à histeroscopia apresentam-se como importantes aliados na avaliação de pacientes usuárias de tamoxifeno. A detecção de espessamento endometrial à ultra-sonografia apresenta baixa especificidade, enquanto a histeroscopia é mais acurada na detecção de pólipos, hiperplasia e alterações neoplásicas.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate endometrial alterations by means of transvaginal ultrasound and to correlate them with hysteroscopic and histological findings in patients under tamoxifen therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was developed in the period between January 2003 and December 2005, including patients under tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer, and presenting with endometrial thickening > 5 mm. The sonographic findings were correlated with hysteroscopic and anatomopathological results. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients, mean age 62.6 years, were selected. The mean time elapsed from the diagnosis of cancer was 4.3 years, and use of tamoxifen, three years. Twenty patients (80 percent) were asymptomatic, and five (20 percent) presented with bleeding. Ultrasound showed that 16 percent of patients had endometrial thickening ranging between 5 mm and 8 mm, 40 percent between 9 mm and 15 mm, and 44 percent above 15 mm. Hysteroscopy showed 40 percent of patients with atrophy, 16 percent with cystic atrophy, 28 percent with polyps and 16 percent with hyperplastic lesion. Anatomopathological study showed 35.2 percent of patients with normal results, 5.8 percent with atrophy, 29.4 percent with polyps and 11.7 percent with hyperplasia. One case of adenocarcinoma (5.8 percent) was observed. CONCLUSION: Combined ultrasound and hysteroscopy have proven to be important allies in the evaluation of patients under tamoxifen therapy. Ultrasonography presents low specificity for detecting endometrial thickening, while hysteroscopy is more accurate in the detection of polyps, hyperplasia and neoplastic alterations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cervix Uteri/anatomy & histology , Cervix Uteri/physiopathology , Cervix Uteri , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Tamoxifen/adverse effects , Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological , Hysteroscopy/methods
15.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2007 Nov-Dec; 55(6): 475-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-70357

ABSTRACT

We report a case of a 55-year-old male patient with breast carcinoma, who developed choroidal metastasis. The patient had undergone mastectomy for carcinoma of right breast, five years ago. The patient was advised close follow-up for the left eye, as he was already on tamoxifen therapy (started a month ago) for spinal metastasis. On last follow-up, a year later, the choroidal lesion had completely scarred, with no recurrences. Systemic hormonal therapy like tamoxifen given for the breast primary and other systemic metastases may cause regression of the choroidal metastasis, thereby avoiding ocular radiotherapy. Medline search revealed only one published case of regression of choroidal metastasis from a male breast primary, on tamoxifen therapy.


Subject(s)
Administration, Oral , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms, Male/drug therapy , Carcinoma/drug therapy , Choroid Neoplasms/drug therapy , Fluorescein Angiography , Follow-Up Studies , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Male , Mastectomy , Middle Aged , Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/administration & dosage , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Tomography, Optical Coherence
16.
Indian J Med Sci ; 2001 Jul; 55(7): 359-65
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-68599

ABSTRACT

To examine the effect of tamoxifen on serum lipoprotein profiles of premenopausal and postmenopausal patients of breast carcinoma (without and with cardiovascular disease) we performed a short term evaluation of serum lipoprotein profiles of 38 pre and 42 post menopausal subjects of breast carcinoma (without and with cardiovascular disease) at baseline and after 3 and 6 months of tamoxifen therapy. The serum lipoprotein profiles of premenopausal patients of breast carcinoma, both without and with cardiovascular disease, showed no significant variation, after 3 and 6 months of tamoxifen treatment than the corresponding baseline values of premenopausal subjects. However, in postmenopausal subjects of breast carcinoma (both without and with cardiovascular disease), serum TC, Apo-B, and Lp (a) were significantly decreased and serum TG, HDL and Apo A1 were significantly elevated, after 3 and 6 months of tamoxifen treatment, than the corresponding baseline values of postmenopausal subjects. Also, the comparison of the results of the present study for pre and postmenopausal patients of breast cancer revealed that the administration of tamoxifen, as an adjuvant therapy for breast cancer, is estrogenic and beneficial for postmenopausal patients of breast carcinoma (both without and with the risk of cardiovascular disease) as the drug minimises the risk of cardivascular disease by bringing significant improvement in serum lipoprotein profiles of the patients. But the drug fails to bring any significant beneficial effect on serum lipoproteins of hyperiipoproteinemic patients of breast cancer.


Subject(s)
Adult , Breast Neoplasms/complications , Carcinoma/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Female , Humans , Lipoproteins/blood , Middle Aged , Postmenopause , Premenopause , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage
17.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-93662

ABSTRACT

Breast cancer is a disease with long natural history. The pattern of practice should be expected to change. With the current speed of research, we should expect many changes in many aspects of treatment in next millennium.


Subject(s)
Adult , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Long-Term Care , Mastectomy/methods , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Risk Assessment , Survival Rate , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Treatment Outcome
20.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 9(3): 120-3, set. 1999. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-275729

ABSTRACT

O câncer de mama no homem acomete menos de 1 por cento de todos os casos de carcinomas mamários, e é responsável por alta morbi-mortalidade. Ocorre mais frequentemente na 7ª década de vida e, geralmente, apresenta prognóstico reservado devido, principalmente, a estágio avançado no momento do diagnóstico. Devemos complementar o diagnóstico clínico com mamografia, ultra asonografia e citologia. O tratamento consiste em mastectomia radical modificada, radioterapia e, frequentemente quimioterapia. A hormonioterapia, geralmente, apresenta bons resultados. Atualmente utilizamos o tamoxifeno na dose de 20 mg/dia


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Breast Neoplasms, Male/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms, Male/etiology , Breast Neoplasms, Male/therapy , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Cell Biology , Mammography , Ultrasonography, Mammary
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